PERT Math Study Guide: Functions

Definition of a Function

A function describes a unique relationship between an input and an output. Each input corresponds to one output, denoted $f(x)$.

Types of Functions

Linear functions:

$f(x) = mx + b$

Linear functions have a constant rate and graph as lines.

Quadratic functions:

$f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c$

Quadratic functions graph as parabolas.

Exponential functions:

$f(x) = a \cdot b^x$

Exponential functions show rapid growth or decay.

Evaluating Functions:

Substitute values into $f(x)$ to find outputs. Example:

If $f(x) = 3x + 2$, then what is $f(2)$?

$f(2) = 3(2) + 2 = 8$

Key Tip: Remember that $f(x)$ doesn’t mean $f × x$. It represents the output of the function when $x$ is the input.


Functions Review Test